Melatonin protects against cardiac damage induced by a combination of high fat diet and isoproterenol exacerbated oxidative stress in male Wistar rats
Protective role of melatonin against cardiac injury induced by oxidative stress.
Keywords:
Antioxidant, high fat diet, isoproteronol, heart, oxidative damage, melatonin
Abstract
In the current study, it was found that high fat diet (60% of total kCal) (H) or/and isoproterenol (I) exacerbated oxidative stress and caused myocardial damage. This was indicated by increased levels of LPO, PCO, abnormal mitochondria and altered activities of metabolic as well as antioxidant enzymes in myocardium of rats. Melatonin at different doses (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg) effectively protected against myocardial damage induced by H or/and I and preserved all of these altered parameters. Morphological analyses showed that combination of H and I treatment led to the extensive myofibril disintegration and neutrophil infiltration. Melatonin at the dose of 40 mg/kg almost completely prevented these pathological alterations. The mechanistical studies have uncovered that the protective effects of melatonin on the myocardial damage induced by H and I are attributed to its direct and indirect antioxidative capacity, i.e., it directly scavenges free radicals and also regulates the gene expression of antioxidant enzymes. Collectively, based on the evidences gathered from the current study, it will not be unwise to suggest that melatonin can serve as an ideal therapeutic agent for those cardiovascular diseases caused by oxidative stress.
References
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20. Chang G-R, Chen W-K, Hou P-H, Mao FC (2017) Isoproterenol exacerbates hyperglycemia and modulates chromium distribution in mice fed with a high fat diet. J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol. 44: 315–321. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.09.009.
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22. Khalil MI, et al. (2015) Amelioration of isoproterenol-induced oxidative damage in rat myocardium by Withania somnifera leaf extract. Biomed. Res. Int. 2015: 1–10. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/624159.
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29. Buege JA, Aust SD (1978) Microsomal lipid peroxidation. Methods Enzymol. 52: 302–310. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(78)52032-6.
30. Bandyopadhyay D, Ghosh G, Bandyopadhyay A, Reiter RJ (2004) Melatonin protects against piroxicam-induced gastric ulceration. J. Pineal Res. 36 (3):195–203. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-079X.2004.00118.x.
31. Sedlak J, Lindsay RH (1968) Estimation of total, protein-bound, and nonprotein sulfhydryl groups in tissue with Ellman’s reagent. Anal Biochem. 25 (1): 192–205. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(68)90092-4.
32. Levine RL, Williams JA, Stadtman ER, Shacter E (1994) Carbonyl assays for determination of oxidatively modified proteins. Methods Enzymol. 233: 346–357. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(94)33040-9.
33. Marklund S, Marklund G (1974) Involvement of the superoxide anion radical in the autoxidation of pyrogallol and a convenient assay for superoxide dismutase. Eur. J. Biochem. 47 (3): 469–474. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1432-1033.1974.tb03714.x.
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35. Chattopadhyay A, Biswas S, Bandyopadhyay D, Sarkar C, Datta AG (2003) Effect of isoproterenol on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes of myocardial tissue of mice and protection by quinidine. Mol. Cell Biochem. 245 (1–2): 43–49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022808224917.
36. Paglia DE, Valentine WN (1967) Studies on the quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 70 (1): 158–169.
37. Chattopadhyay A, Choudhury TD, Bandyopadhyay D, Datta AG (2000) Protective effect of erythropoietin on the oxidative damage of erythrocyte membrane by hydroxyl radical. Biochem. Pharmacol. 59 (4): 419–425. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-2952(99)00277-4.
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Published
2019-01-31
How to Cite
[1]
Ghosh, A., Bose, G., Dey, T., Pal, P., Mishra, S., Ghosh, A.K., Chattopadhyay, A. and Bandyopadhyay, D. 2019. Melatonin protects against cardiac damage induced by a combination of high fat diet and isoproterenol exacerbated oxidative stress in male Wistar rats. Melatonin Research. 2, 1 (Jan. 2019), 9-31. DOI:https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32794/mr11250009.
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Research Articles
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